Abstract & Overview
The neighborhood, as a micro-social institution, requires special attention in urban design and policymaking. This paper investigates the relationship between physical design and the sense of place attachment in the historic neighborhoods of Iran, focusing on the cognitive and emotional characteristics of residents. Since humans need to form an emotional bond with their living environment to shape their daily identity, place attachment is one of the most critical dimensions of this connection that must be considered in modern urban planning policies In this study, the conceptual framework of historic neighborhoods and the factors influencing place attachment are first redefined . Then, using a mixed-method approach combining correlational analysis and a case study of the old neighborhoods of Hamedan, field data were collected and analyzed through self-administered questionnaires and physical-spatial evidence. The analysis demonstrates that physical design—including street structure, the spatial arrangement of neighborhoods, the quality of public spaces, and material-climatic features—plays a decisive role in shaping and strengthening the sense of belonging The paper concludes that the conscious design of a neighborhood's physical space can simultaneously meet the social and individual needs of residents while enhancing the material and intangible impacts of the environment on people . The findings provide guidance for urban planners and designers in developing conservation and regeneration interventions that are sensitive to local identity. It is recommended that special attention be given to preserving identity-forming structures and spatial patterns, as well as promoting social participation in the planning process.